57 pages • 1 hour read
Thao ThaiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the novel contains descriptions of domestic violence and anti-Asian racism.
1969: Minh’s jewelry business flourished. She, Xuân, and their children moved out of Xuân’s parents’ house and into their own home. The war continued, and Minh sewed gold into all of their clothes, just in case they ever needed to flee. They were all happy until Xuân got sick. Minh’s children stayed with Xuân’s parents so that they did not catch his illness while she nursed him. When Minh visited her children, Hương told Minh to stop leaving her and her brother. Minh tried to explain that she had to take care of their father, but Hương accused Minh of being a bad mother. Angered, Minh slapped Hương. She immediately regretted it and tried to apologize, but Hương “turned from [her] and wouldn’t speak to [her] for days afterward” (152).
A week later, Xuân died. On his deathbed, he told Minh to protect their children. He told her that “even if [she] never loved [him], [he was hers] forever” (153). Minh was devastated by Xuân’s death but vowed to survive everything for her children.
At Wes’s thrift store, Ann tells herself that she’s only there to look for baby things. Wes is happy to see her again. She tells him that Minh died. Wes is upset that she didn’t tell him sooner, as he would have liked to go to the funeral. Ann and Wes drive to the arcade, where they spend the afternoon playing games and eating greasy pizza.
At the arcade, Ann catches sight of her best friend from high school, Crystal King. They stopped being friends during their final year of high school and have not talked since. Wes takes Ann back to his house and they have sex. Afterward, Ann leaves, promising to call him.
The narrative shifts back to 1973. The war in Vietnam worsened. Minh’s parents and Xuân’s parents died, as did many of her brothers. With no family left in their village, Minh began to dream of leaving Vietnam. Things were not safe for her as a single mother, and she took to carrying one of Xuân’s knives with her for protection. She took a lover, a wealthy but smarmy widower, and eventually asked him for help leaving the country. His parents worked in government and were able to procure the paperwork for Minh, Hương, and Phước to go to America.
The narrative shifts to 1990. As Hương learns how to swim, memories return to her. She remembers meeting Vinh, Ann’s father, for the first time. They met at the community college bookstore where Hương worked. Vinh was handsome, confident, and persistent in persuading Hương to go out with him. They were married after only six months. For their honeymoon, Vinh borrowed a cabin from a friend. On the way there, they stopped at a convenience store, where they encountered racist attitudes that made them both uncomfortable. The cabin was dirty and moth-eaten, contrary to their expectations, and Vinh’s mood soon turned sour. Hương had never seen his vicious temper before. The honeymoon did not go well, and they fought often. During one fight, Vinh threatened Hương with a broken beer bottle. Hương flinched and cut off the tip of her finger with the knife she was using to prepare dinner. Vinh did not try to comfort her, simply telling her to be more careful.
In the present day, Ann calls Noah and tells him about the baby. Noah feels overwhelmed, especially because Ann does not know if she wants to get back together yet. He tells her that “this isn’t the plan” (195), and Ann wonders aloud if his plan was ever hers.
Afterward, Hương gives Ann kumquats to eat. Ann’s fetus is about the size of a kumquat now. Ann admits to Hương that she does not have much of a plan, but she wants her there when she has the baby. Hương assures her that they do not need men. Ann thinks about her own father, a man Hương told her was named Duy. Duy, Hương said, abandoned them and went back to Vietnam. Ann tells Hương about meeting Noah’s parents for the first time and how they treated her like a curiosity, and like something unclean. Together, Ann and Hương imagine fixing up the Banyan House and building a nursery for the baby, whom Hương calls “Kumquat.”
The narrative shifts to 1974. When Minh and her children first arrived in America, they lived in a trailer park. Minh told Hương and Phước stories to shut out “the drunken fights of the neighbors, the flapping of screen doors that never latched shut, the sound of a baby wailing in the distance” (201). She told them a Vietnamese folktale about a poor woodcutter named Chú Cuội who discovered a magic banyan tree with leaves that could heal any illness. Chú Cuội soon became revered and worshipped for his healing abilities, though he never revealed the true source of his powers. A wealthy man asked Chú Cuội to heal his only daughter, the beautiful Hằng Nga, after which Chú Cuội and Hằng Nga were married.
They built their new house at the base of the banyan tree. They lived there in great prosperity: They had children, and Chú Cuội continued healing people. One day, he was called away to heal someone in a faraway village. He told his wife to protect the tree while he was gone, as it was “the source of [his] healing” (207) Hằng Nga planted flowers at the tree’s base, accidentally cutting one of the roots of the banyan tree with her shovel. The tree began to shudder and pull away from the earth. At this moment, Chú Cuội returned. Trying to preserve his power, he grabbed the tree’s roots and was pulled into the sky. He became a shadow on the moon. Hằng Nga never saw Chú Cuội again, but at the end of her life, she began to “find her eyes drawn to the moon” (209).
As a child, Hương thought the ending of the story was silly, but Minh was more sympathetic. She dreamed of having a home like the banyan tree, where she and her children could finally be safe from fear.
In the present day, Ann tries to draw but finds that she lacks inspiration. She talks to Noah on the phone about what they will do when Kumquat is born, but finds that they have very different visions of what their lives will look like. She considers buying a VW bus and living with Kumquat on the road.
Hương brings Ann some food and sees Ann struggling to draw a portrait of Minh. She suggests that Ann needs a new project. Ann goes to an art store to buy gouache paint and runs into Crystal King. Reluctantly, she agrees to get coffee with her former friend. Crystal is married to a boy she knew in high school. Ann tells Crystal that she is pregnant. Crystal is sorry to hear about Minh, but tells Ann that if she is “looking for a dirge for Minh” (218), she will not get one. Ann is angry, unable to understand why anyone might have disliked Minh. Crystal wants to talk more, but Ann storms out.
The literal haunting in Banyan Moon emphasizes its thematic resonance in the lives of the three protagonists, who are each Being Haunted by the Past. As a ghost, Minh haunts the Banyan House, while simultaneously being haunted by memories of her own past. She internalized Xuân’s final instructions to protect her children and did her best to follow them, but she did not always feel that she was successful. In reconnecting with Crystal and Wes, Ann experiences another kind of haunting. As figures from her childhood, they feel like ghosts from Ann’s past, representing the life she might have had if she had never left her home in Florida. Though she hasn’t seen either of them in years, she immediately finds herself slipping into old patterns with both of them: Her attraction to Wes reemerges, as well as her affection for Crystal, tempered by pain that their friendship ended.
Reconnecting with her past also pushes Ann to examine her idealized view of her grandmother and further expand the theme of The Challenges of Mother-Daughter Relationships. Ann’s conversation with Crystal forces her to reckon with the fact that not everyone felt the same way about Minh that she did. While Minh was always kind to Ann, Crystal experienced a crueler side of her. The contrast between Crystal’s perspective on Minh and her own lays the groundwork for Ann to gain a better understanding of Hương. Minh recalls slapping Hương during Xuân’s illness. Although she immediately regretted her actions, Hương did not forgive her. This moment echoes Hương slapping Ann in the hospital many years later. For both women, slapping their daughters causes a major rift in their relationships. The slap travels down through the generations as Hương repeats Minh’s mistakes.
Minh’s idealized view of America as a golden land of opportunity as she prepares to leave Vietnam casts the reality of Immigration and Cultural Alienation in sharp relief. Although she was reasonably well-off in Vietnam, Minh struggles to make ends meet in America, where she has worse job prospects and a higher cost of living, highlighting the systemic, infrastructural, and cultural obstacles experienced by immigrants in the United States. All three of the book’s protagonists experience anti-Asian racism regardless of their level of assimilation into American culture. Vinh and Hương experience racism during their honeymoon, which makes Vinh particularly angry, as he was born in America and wants deeply to fit in and be accepted. Similarly, Ann experiences racism from Noah’s parents that is just as alienating, if less overtly threatening.
Though they come from different generations and cultural contexts, Minh, Hương, and Ann have similar relationships to their sexuality and to men, pointing to the cyclical nature of intergenerational trauma and experience. All of them are capable of maintaining sexual relationships with men that they have weak or absent romantic feelings for: Ann with Wes, Hương to a greater or lesser extent with all of her lovers, and Minh with the man who helped her leave Vietnam. Each of them has a complicated relationship to the idea of a perfect nuclear family. When Ann was growing up, Hương prioritized finding a romantic partner and creating a nuclear family because she wanted to replicate the relationship that she thought Minh and Xuân had, even though in reality, Minh slept with Bính and got pregnant before she met and married Xuân. Though she felt betrayed by Vinh on her honeymoon, she was still determined to make things work to preserve that family unit. Having subconsciously internalized Hương’s view of familial stability, Ann struggles to define her future without a man in her life.
The fairytale of Chú Cuội, a central motif in the narrative of Banyan Moon, provides a parallel for the Tran women’s connection to the Banyan House as a place of both safety and isolation. Like many fairytales, the story of Chú Cuội has many variations in Vietnamese mythology. Chú Cuội’s wife’s name varies, as does the story of how he found the magical banyan tree. In the book, the Banyan House is Minh’s version of a dream come true. She wanted a sanctuary for her family where they could live safe from the death, disease, and violence of war. The Banyan House is a safe place for Minh, Hương, and Ann, but it is also cut off from the rest of the world. It allows the women to avoid the pain of the world by preventing them from interacting with it. More than once, Ann thinks of the Banyan House as a place that pulls her in, making it difficult or even impossible to remember who she was when she lived outside of it. The fate of the banyan tree in the story of Chú Cuội foreshadows the fate of the Banyan House at the end of the novel.
Asian American & Pacific Islander...
View Collection
Daughters & Sons
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Forgiveness
View Collection
Grief
View Collection
Guilt
View Collection
Historical Fiction
View Collection
Mothers
View Collection
Popular Book Club Picks
View Collection
Sexual Harassment & Violence
View Collection
Vietnamese Studies
View Collection
Vietnam War
View Collection