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77 pages 2 hours read

Madeline Miller

Circe

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Character Analysis

Circe

Circe, a nymph and the novel’s protagonist, is the daughter of the Titan Helios and a naiad, Perse. Odysseus once said of her that “he had never met a god who enjoyed their divinity less” (380), an observation that’s upheld by her disdain for the cruel immortals. Frequently painted as sensitive and empathetic to the pain of others, particularly of mortals, Circe is unlike the other gods. Over time, she discovers that she is a witch capable of changing the world by drawing out the magical properties of herbs. In youthful pride, she transforms her would-be lover into a god and the nymph he chooses over her into a monster. After confessing her misdeeds, she is exiled on the island of Aiaia. Over thousands of years, she masters her craft, struggles with monsters, makes enemies, falls in love, suffers heartbreak and abuse, raises a child, and chooses her own destiny.

Helios

The strongest Titan alive and god of the sun, Helios sided with Zeus during the great war and keeps a tenuous peace with the Olympians, though he is not fully averse to an uprising. Austere, proud, and commanding, Helios tolerates no perceived disrespect—“however gold he shies, do not forget his fire” (6). His children tend to share his golden appearance and gifts of prophecy. His children by Perse become the first witches.

Pasiphaë

Beautiful and cruel, Pasiphaë is sister to Circe and queen of Crete. Her magic is focused on poisons, though she also curses her husband so that all other women he has sex with die grotesque deaths. To rise to further preeminence, Pasiphaë has sex with a sacred white bull and gives birth to the Minotaur. She is also mother to many mortals, including the kind-hearted dancer Ariadne.

Aeëtes

Clever and perceptive, Aeëtes was raised by Circe (his sister) and was her closest companion in youth. However, this does not stop him from leaving when Helios grants him his own kingdom called Colchis. There, he works his magic, achieving powers beyond the abilities of the gods. When he hears of Circe’s transformations, he returns to announce the skills of his siblings and the rise of pharmakeia to demonstrate his own power. He fathers at least two children, including the witch Medea.

Daedalus

Daedalus is a genius inventor serving Pasiphaë and Minos in Crete, unable to leave while they hold his son, Icarus, hostage. He is considered to be “one of the wonders of the mortal world, a craftsman almost equal to a god” (33). An unwitting conspirator in the birth of the Minotaur, he creates a labyrinth to contain it. He finds a kindred spirit in Circe and becomes her lover for a time, giving her a parting gift of a unique loom that she treasures for centuries.

Odysseus

A famous warrior prince known for his involvement in the Trojan War, Odysseus is charming, perceptive, prideful, and volatile. He is a descendant of Hermes and finds his way to Aiaia, where he becomes Circe’s lover and unknowingly fathers a child before returning to his wife and son in Ithaca. Athena is his patron goddess.

Telegonus

The child of Circe and Odysseus, Telegonus is a demigod with captivating charisma and naïve optimism. Sheltered from painful truths and the realities of danger by his mother and her witchcraft, Telegonus is confident in all he does.

Telemachus

Telemachus is the son of Odysseus and his wife, Penelope. Unlike his father, Telemachus is simple, speaking and acting in direct accordance with his thoughts without artifice. This does not mean he is unintelligent—he is clever and skilled in trades from goat herding and sailing to craftsmanship.

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