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95 pages 3 hours read

David Foster Wallace

Infinite Jest

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1996

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Pages 729-851Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Pages 729-755 Summary

Marathe visits Ennet House, pretending to be an “addict” as he searches for Joelle. He is in his wheelchair and wearing a veil. The crowded, sweaty room makes him feel nauseous. He listens to the conversations of two nearby women as everyone else in the room chain-smokes cigarettes. The women have both been members of cults. Marathe remembers his own experiences in the cult-like group, La Cult du Prochain Train (the cult of the next train). In a long endnote, an E.T.A. student named James Albrecht Lockley Struck Jr. researches the Wheelchair Assassins and learns about their tactics for forcing traffic accidents on American highways. Struck also learns about La Cult du Prochain Train, a group founded around a game. In the game, the sons of Quebecois miners laid down on train tracks ahead of oncoming trains. The last person to leave the tracks before the train arrived was the winner. Anyone who stayed too long on the track lost their legs under the train. Many of the legless members of La Cult du Prochain Train joined the Wheelchair Assassins. The only person who never jumped off the track was Bernard Wayne, the father of E.T.A. prodigy John Wayne; the Wayne name is now “a figure of ridicule and disgust” (1060).

Joelle cleans. She used to clean while high but now she cleans for pleasure. During her relationship with Orin, she would take drugs and clean to relieve her anxiety. Cleaning the house made her feel as though she had control over her life. Joelle rarely thought about the Incandenza family until she met Don Gately. To her, the Incandenzas were “the second-saddest family Joelle’d ever seen” (737). She remembers how Orin used to talk about his strained relationship with his parents. When they dated, Orin told Joelle that his father would want to cast her in his films because she was so beautiful. To Joelle, Orin’s confession seemed to hint that he hoped this would bring him close to his emotionally distant father. Joelle did not think James was particularly talented, though she detected promising hints that his “amateurish” (740) films might one day improve. Despite—or, perhaps, because of—her beauty, Orin was only the second person that Joelle dated.

In an endnote, neither Joelle nor Orin agree on who approached whom. After being cast in James’s films, Joelle spent more time with the director. He confided in her and told her that he had no real idea how to talk to Orin or Hal. The lack of a relationship with his father used to make Orin depressed. Joelle found Avril strange and had “the queerest indefensible feeling that Avril wished her ill” (745). During one family Thanksgiving, Joelle remembers the fake happy expressions on the face of every member of the Incandenza family.

At Ennet House, Marathe meets Pat Monesian. Marathe invents a backstory in which he is a Swiss man named Henri with a heroin addiction. He becomes convinced that the master copy of the Entertainment is in Ennet House. He tries to decide whether he should remain undercover or leave immediately to inform the Wheelchair Assassins. He has a third option, which involves betraying the Wheelchair Assassins and contacting Hugh Steeply. The Office of Unspecified Services also want the master copy of the film, and they may be able to help provide medical help for Marathe’s dying wife Gertraude. As he mulls his options, Marathe hears Pat talking about a collection of film cartridges that were donated by E.T.A. after being found in the storage tunnels. Pat suggests that they screen the films to ensure that they are suitable for the residents.

Pages 755-785 Summary

Year of the Depend Adult Undergarment (November 11)

Mario works on a documentary about E.T.A. He walks around the campus with a camera strapped to his head, one of James Incandenza’s technical innovations. He films Schtitt sleeping in his office chair while listening to loud German opera. Mario leaves, stumbling occasionally, and then visits the boys’ dormitories. He interviews LaMont Chu, who has nothing to say. LaMont asks Mario to put the camera down. He wants to ask Mario about the strange meeting between Charles Tavis, Hal, and Michael Pemulis. LaMont is worried; he saw how Hal left the meeting with an ashen white face. Mario does not quite understand LaMont’s line of questioning so he leaves to visit his mother’s office. She greets him warmly, hanging up a phone call to pay attention to her son. Avril invites Mario to join her and Charles that evening for dinner. Mario asks Avril about the journalist, Helen Steeply. Mario also asks about the Eschaton incident, but Avril deflects his questions with light chitchat. She admits that she is not going to interrogate Hal about the Eschaton violence; she will wait for him to open up to her at “the moment it’s appropriate for him to come to me” (763). Mario asks his mother about sadness. She wonders whether Mario thinks his brother Hal is sad, but Mario claims that his questions are just general curiosity. The conversation moves onto the topic of other people’s emotions. Avril tells a story about her father and his father, who both dealt with alcoholism and depression. Avril begins to worry that Mario may be sad. She says that she would be beside herself with pain if she could no longer detect his emotions.

Marathe meets Kate Gompert in a bar. Kate is shocked that she is breaking the Ennet House rules. She entered the bar after being mugged by Poor Tony. Kate reminds Marathe of Gertraude. For the first time in weeks, Kate is feeling happy. Marathe talks about how he lost his legs while playing a game involving train tracks. Then, he tells a story about Swiss people that functions as a broad analogy for the distaste French Canadians hold for Americans. Marathe admits that, at one time, he felt like pursuing suicide. However, he saved a woman from a traffic accident. That woman was Gertraude, and he married her a short time later. She helped him deal with his depression because he now felt empathy for another person. Marathe discusses Gertraude’s strange and potentially terminal medical condition: The toxic waste dumped in the Great Concavity caused her to be born without a skull. During the early days of their relationship, Marathe left Gertraude, but his depression returned so he reunited with her. The reunion made him realize that he loved her. Kate admits that she does not understand love. Marathe tells her that Gertraude will die soon unless she receives a special artificial heart. Even with the heart, she will be reduced to a vegetative state. Marathe has decided to betray the Wheelchair Assassins and give up the Entertainment to the Office of Unspecific Services, who have promised to provide the medical treatment Gertraude requires. Kate tries to console Marathe, who tells her that she is drunk. However, her incoherent words become increasingly clear and pointed. After mocking his supposedly Swiss accent, Kate confesses that she is sexually inexperienced. She stops talking to Marathe.

At E.T.A., Mario worries that Hal is sad. Hal tells Mario that he is addicted to marijuana. He also talks about the urine Michael Pemulis sells to cheat on drug tests and the Substances that Hal and the other boys take; the faculty is aware that Michael is selling clean urine and that he drugged a rival player before a match, so he may be expelled soon. Hal’s urine will be tested “to establish a context of objectivity“ (782), so he needs to give up marijuana so that he is not caught by accident. The extra month that Michael secured before the drug test is for Hal’s benefit, rather than Michael’s. Hal lists the numerous pressures in his life, all of which are made worse by his withdrawal symptoms. He fears that Avril will learn that her son has been hiding a massive secret. Hal knows that he should not have kept so many secrets from Mario, who insists that he is not hurt by the revelations. Hal finds himself angry, insisting that Mario should feel angry sometimes. He admits that, after almost two days without marijuana, he is starting to feel bad. Hal asks Mario for advice, unsure what he should do about his situation. Mario believes that Hal has done what is needed to be done by sharing his pain with his brother. In a long endnote, Michael convinces Hal to try the DMZ, which does not show up on a urine test.

Pages 785-809 Summary

Year of the Depend Adult Undergarment (November 17)

At Ennet House, “an upscale kid” (786) knocks on the door and asks to speak to someone. The boy—who seems to have recently stopped smoking marijuana and is implied to be Hal—wants advice on addiction and recovery. He wants to attend a group but does not know where to start. In an endnote, a 13-year-old student named Todd Possalthwaite has a breakdown in the E.T.A. locker room at the same time that Hal visits Ennet House. Todd moans that “nothing’s true” (1067); he has realized that he cannot trust his family. Michael Pemulis tries to comfort him by telling him that mathematics is real and can be trusted. The conversation ends when the boys rush to hear the announcement system, over which Troeltsch is interviewing John Wayne, who has apparently “lost his mind” (1072).

Joelle’s friend Molly Notkin is interviewed by the Office of Unspecified Services. They want to know about her connection to the Entertainment. Molly is able to give the Entertainment its correct title—either Infinite Jest (V) or Infinite Jest (VI)—thanks to her experience as a film student. In the film, Molly says, Madame Psychosis plays “some kind of maternal instantiation of the archetypal figure Death” (788). While naked and pregnant, Death talks about cosmology and psychology. According to Molly, Madame Psychosis’s mother died by suicide using a garbage disposal. She describes her friend Joelle’s relationship with Orin and James. Joelle’s relationship with James was professional, she says, while Orin and Joelle were in a romantic relationship. Joelle did not attend James’s funeral, she has never watched the so-called Entertainment and struggles to believe that it can truly be as lethal as rumored. Molly asks the agents why they did not simply ask Avril for the master copy of the film if it was so important.

Continuing her story about Joelle, Molly says that Joelle helped James deal with his alcoholism. She believes that James had been sober for some time before his death. Molly believes that Joelle struggles with addiction because she blames herself for James’s death. The suicide, she says, has no connection to the Entertainment. Molly suspects that Avril placed a bottle of whiskey near her husband’s body because she was jealous that Joelle could help her husband in a way that she could not.

Molly shares details from Joelle’s life. She explains that Joelle’s father was a chemist and that the family was originally from Kentucky. Her father could not deal with his daughter growing older, so he treated her even more like a child. Only when Joelle went to college did she realize how strange her father’s behavior was, particularly when Joelle brought Orin to Thanksgiving and her father tried to feed her like a baby. When she confronted him, Joelle’s father said that he was in love with her and that the only time he could repress this love was when she was a child. His treatment of her is an attempt to continue to repress his romantic feelings toward his daughter. The incident frightened Joelle’s mother, who shared the secret that she had not slept with her husband since Joelle reached puberty. Now she knows why. Joelle’s mother was a survivor of sexual abuse by her own father, and her husband’s confession awoke terrible memories inside her. She attempted suicide by throwing acid on herself. Orin, Joelle, and her father all tried to stop her. By the time they intervened, Joelle’s mother was burned by the acid. According to the legend, she then threw the acid at her husband. She missed and hit Joelle instead, prompting Joelle to begin wearing her veil. Later, Joelle’s mother died by suicide by pushing herself into a garbage disposal. Molly says that Joelle/Madame Psychosis’s name is actually Lucille Duquette.

In an extended endnote, Michael Pemulis is asked to explain why John Wayne is behaving so strangely. Michael does not need to explain: John has accidentally taken some of the drugs Michael planned to sell, thinking they were antihistamines. DeLint reads through the offensive remarks made by John toward faculty members and students. One of the remarks comments on Hal’s many addictions. Michael wonders how John’s behavior will affect his chances of playing at the prestigious WhataBurger tournament. He reiterates his desire to talk to Avril about an important issue, namely that he knows about her sexual relationship with John. DeLint outlines the academy’s suspicion that Michael is responsible for drugging John. While Michael can finish the current term, he is likely to be expelled from E.T.A. Michael again asks about the WhataBurger tournament. When the coaches laugh at him, he cannot help but find “their good humor almost infectious” (1076).

Hal goes to a Narcotics Anonymous meeting in Natick. He plans to adopt a fake persona at the meeting, choosing Mike as his pseudonym. He enters the room when the meeting is already in progress. Harv, the leader of the group, speaks. At the same time, a member of the audience named Kevin Bain, Marlon’s brother, weeps. Hal is surprised that some of the attendees are holding stuffed animals. Harv tells the group members to support Kevin, and while the men proclaim their love for Kevin, Hal feels increasingly awkward and notices that no one is talking about drugs. Kevin stands up and describes “Inner Infant’s abandonment and deep-deprivation issues” (802). He talks about his life, and Hal realizes that Kevin is Marlon Bain’s older brother, who supposedly made a lot of money at one time. Hal is shocked that someone like Kevin could have an issue with narcotics. He has never seen someone weep as much as Kevin. Hal realizes, with horror, that he is at “one of those men’s-issues-Men’s-Movement-type Meetings” (804). The men loudly show their support for Kevin, who crawls around on the floor of the room as he tries to deal with his issues.

Pages 809-851 Summary

Don Gately is in the hospital. He suddenly panics over whether the doctors read the note in his file. He is worried that they have given him narcotics, even though he has an addiction. He remembers overhearing a doctor after the surgery describing how an infection had taken hold in Don’s wounds.

Don drops into a semi-slumber, dreaming about a beach. In the distance, a storm rages. Don sees his mother. She is being beaten by a man. Don is in the sea. He tries to call to his mother, but she does not listen to him. Don wakes up. He is alone. Later, someone cleans Don’s face with a sponge. Later still, Pat Montesian visits to give Don an update on events at Ennet House. She is impressed that Don has refused any kind of narcotic while in the hospital. By the end of their conversation, Pat is crying. Don falls asleep again. He wakes up and sees Joelle in his room. As he lays in bed, he wonders whether he can take codeine to deal with the pain. He wants to know whether this would be considered a relapse. There is no answer.

Calvin Thrust, one of the staff members at Ennet House, visits Don. He provides an update on the circumstances surrounding the fight. Calvin issued Randy Lenz an ultimatum: Randy would need to pass a urine test, so Randy simply left Ennet House. Calvin explains that Pat drove Don to the hospital. Since then, neither Calvin nor Pat have informed the police about what happened. Don is concerned that, because Randy is gone without a trace, he might be solely responsible for whatever happened to the Canadian attackers. Because he is on probation, police involvement could result in Don being sent back to jail. Calvin explains that the gun used to shoot Don is still missing, though Bruce claims to have wrestled it from one of the Canadians before dropping it somewhere on the lawn. Once they find the gun, Calvin claims, they can go to the police and claim that Don was acting in self-defense. Not for the first time, no one will tell Don whether he killed anyone on the night of the fight. The “insufferable” (826) Calvin updates Don on the status of everyone at Ennet House.

Don falls asleep again and then wakes up the next morning to find Geoffrey Day beside his bed. Geoffrey talks for a long time about himself.

Many of Don’s worst dreams feature the same woman, who is covered in acne scars. In another nightmare, he is visited by interdimensional beings out for revenge. Even while awake, Don’s mind is filled with words that he does not understand. The academic words mean nothing to him. He tries to interpret his dreams and he thinks about his memories of children’s television shows. The interdimensional being from Don’s dream tells him that it is a “wraith” (829). The wraith is eloquent and appears often, talking about its own family. The wraith continues to talk about media, society, and the background characters in television shows. The details it shares suggest that the wraith is actually James Incandenza. The wraith/James tells Don about the struggle to connect to its youngest son and the son’s traumatizing silence.

The Entertainment, the wraith/James says, was made during the last days 90 days before James’s suicide. In this period, James was concerned that Hal was using narcotics, and he hoped the Entertainment would be a way to communicate with his seemingly mute son. The purpose of the Entertainment was to be so compelling and interesting that Hal would be forced out of his state of anhedonia. In truth, James says, the Entertainment was an apology to his son in the form of a film. Don thinks about his own strained relationship with his father, though James interrupts to insist that any communication is better than no communication at all. Don does not understand why the wraith/James is appearing to him. He wonders whether these strange dreams are just a product of his addiction. Don still struggles with the memories of his mother being abused by her lover. He is visited by three men from the White Flag recovery group. Even though Don hardly knows the men, they try to lift his spirits. As the men tell jokes, he is struck by a sudden and terrible pain.

Year of the Depend Adult Undergarment (November 19)

Marathe and the Wheelchair Assassins have searched for Joelle, but she seems impossible to find. Ruling out an assault on the tennis academy, they hatch a plan to intercept a team of Quebecois junior tennis players who are going to compete in a tournament. They will hold the players hostage and take their places in the tournament. Marathe says that he will invent “an excellent ruse to explain the wheelchairs and adult beards of the false players” (846).

Don dreams about Joelle. The dream is oddly sensual. When he wakes, he thinks about an old woman who lived in his childhood neighborhood. Her name was Mrs. Waite, and she was feared among the neighborhood children because she reminded them of a “witch” (847). Eventually, Mrs. Waite hanged herself. Before her death, however, Mrs. Waite bought Don a birthday cake. She was a poor woman, so she saved up the money for a long time. However, no one ate the cake. Don’s mother threw it away. Don believes that there is no way Mrs. Waite could have known that no one ate the cake, but he feels a crushing sadness whenever he thinks about her suicide. When he dreams about Joelle, he sees her in Mrs. Waite’s house. In the kitchen, Mrs. Waite and Joelle blur into the same person. Don believes that this person is also Death. The female, maternal death represents motherhood and love. Mothers, Don reasons, want to address their role in death, so they love in an obsessive way.

Pages 729-851 Analysis

Marathe disguises himself as having a heroin addiction and admits himself to Ennet House. This section of the novel uses dramatic irony to explore the inherent contradictions of addiction. Marathe claims to have an addiction, but he has an ulterior motive. He lies to Pat to gain entry to the facility and then continues to operate under his assumed identity, telling people what they want to hear so they will lead him closer to his goal. His lies and insincerity are not new to Ennet House. No one accuses him of lying because so many other residents are already lying to themselves. Marathe is pretending to have an addiction, but in doing so he has adopted the natural disposition of so many people who claim to be seeking help but who are not yet ready to give up their addiction. The audience knows that Marathe has an ulterior motive in admitting himself to the clinic, but his words and phrases sound so close to the insincere claims of the other residents that he comes to resemble them in such a way as to become a criticism of their own insincerity. Marathe does not realize the extent to which he is playing his role almost too well. He is adopting a new personality to shroud his goals, exactly like Randy Lenz, Joelle, or Don Gately.

Hal also adopts a fake identity to attend a recovery program. However, Hal does so because he has a sincere desire to overcome his addiction to marijuana. The meeting proves to be entirely wrong in a literal and emotional sense. Hal mistakenly attends a meeting for men who are emotionally insecure, rather than coping with drug addiction. As such, his very real, sincere desire to deal with his addiction clashes with his fear of sincerity and his fear that he does not belong. He is not prepared to admit to himself that he needs to be honest about his addiction, as evidenced by his refusal to use his real name. Ironically, Hal struggles with emotional development as much as anyone in the meeting. However, he is also not yet ready to admit that this may be a problem. As Mario suggests to Hal, he needs to confront his problem by speaking about it with others. As Hal proves when he goes to the meeting and remains deliberately silent—to the point where he is desperate not to have to talk—he is not yet ready to speak about his problems with anyone other than Mario. Furthermore, he is not yet entirely sure about the true nature of his problems.

Don Gately faces a similar crisis of doubt. After the shooting, he is sent to the hospital. His file describes him as an “addict,” so he is initially not given any painkillers. As a result, he suffers from a feverish pain that blurs the lines between dreams and reality. Don does not know how much time passes, he does not know which visitors are real and which are fake, and he cannot even figure out whether he has been given drugs or not. His life becomes a living hell because he cannot tell which parts of his existence are real and painful and which are just inventions of his tortured mind. This struggle places Don in a form of purgatory, where he wrestles with his real and imagined demons. His physical recovery mirrors the recovery from drug addiction. Don’s physical pain is real and immediate, but he is even more tortured by the pain of his psyche. 

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