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47 pages 1 hour read

Philip Roth

Portnoy's Complaint

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1969

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Chapter 4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “Cunt Crazy”

Alex starts to describe how he once masturbated while riding the bus. He wonders whether eating lobster for the first time inspired him to do such a thing. Lobster is not kosher, the Jewish dietary laws that Alex and his family follow. Alex speculates about whether his father had an affair though he admits that this may be conjecture. The thought of his overbearing parents worries him constantly, especially as his mother has always told him that he is brilliant. The responsibility of being intelligent—and especially more intelligent than his sister Hannah—has bothered Alex for a long time, though Hannah never seems angry with him. Alex shares stories about his mother’s transgressions, such as the time she ate lobster without knowing. These stories are the “literature of [his] childhood” (47). After the first few years of his life when he and his mother were home together all day, Alex began to feel pressure from his mother to succeed in his career, his romantic endeavors, and his social life. This pressure persists in the current day. His mother and her friends constantly brag to each other about their children’s success. Likewise, his father always asks him if he has a serious girlfriend. Alex cannot bring himself to marry any one woman, as his various sexual fantasies make the thought of monogamy a terrifying prospect.

Alex is relatively successful in his career. He is Assistant Commissioner for The City of New York Commission on Human Opportunity, but his parents still want him to move back to Newark. He believes that they do not care about the prestige of his position or his professional accomplishments. For years, Alex’s father has sold life insurance policies and his mother has fretted about Alex’s future. Alex says he just wants his parents to leave him alone and denies having any Freudian sexual fantasies regarding his mother. He knows that he can never tell her about the breadth and depravity of his sexual thoughts, including a homosexual experience he once had.

Returning to the story of masturbating on the bus, Alex shares a very detailed account of the incident with his therapist. He refers to the incident as a “pantomime” (63) and says it was not the first time that he did such a thing in a public place. He even had a special technique that he devised for these situations, which occurred frequently in his “full and wonderful life of utter degradation” (64). He shares that while still underage, he once visited a burlesque show. After sitting in the audience and masturbating, he watched an older man do the same.

Alex mentions The Monkey, his nickname for one of the women in his life who has been pressuring him—like his mother—to get married. He recalls a time they took a vacation to Europe, where they hired an Italian sex worker. While The Monkey told Alex that she fantasized about this scenario, she regretted the decision and blamed Alex for allowing her to enter what she believed to be a sexually degrading situation. Afterward, Alex was taken aback by her “pathetic weeping” (68). Despite the argument, they hired the same sex worker the following night, and they argued again afterward. When they were in Athens, The Monkey threatened to jump from the hotel balcony unless Alex married her. He refused and left her there. In the following months, The Monkey threatened to call Alex’s colleagues whenever they argued to tell them about the sex worker.

Alex describes how Christmas trees and decorations remind him that he is Jewish and not Christian. However, women in the wintertime delight Alex. Winter was fraught growing up; when his father was delayed by snow coming home from the office, his mother would quickly assume the worst. Alex would then worry that if his father died, he would have to get a job to support his mother. This worry spiraled into a larger anxiety over his employability as a Jewish person, and he wondered whether he should change his name to hide his Jewish roots. Alex laments that though he could change his name, he could not hide his nose which he feels is a telltale sign of his Jewishness. However, his mother assured him that his large nose gave his face character.

Alex tells his therapist more about The Monkey. She came from an abusive, gentile family and moved to New York at 18. For a brief time, she was married to an older, rich, French man who moved her to Paris and lavished her with jewelry and dental surgery. He also regularly hired a sex worker to “squat naked upon a glass coffee table and take a crap while the tycoon lay flat on his back, directly beneath the table” (76) and asked The Monkey to sit and watch from a nearby sofa. She left the industrialist and returned to New York. When she and Alex met, they impressed each other with their insatiable sexual appetites. During their first date, Alex worried that he was entering some sort of trap. Alex believes that his Jewishness was a relief for The Monkey after her turbulent romantic past, as it offered her the promise of a stable life.

During his early sexual encounters, Alex worried that the condoms he carried with him might break during sex, and he tested their durability by filling them with water and wearing them while masturbating. A short time later, Alex rode in a delivery truck with his soon-to-be brother-in-law, Morty. While riding in the truck, Alex felt free and reborn. Morty’s “manly left-wing” (83) sensibilities rubbed off on Alex, and he decided to dedicate his life to helping the poor and downtrodden.

Next, Alex discusses a boy from his neighborhood named Arnold Mandel. After his father’s death, Mandel was able to do as he pleased. He had a reputation for engaging in lurid, sexual games with other boys their age. Years later, Alex met Mandel in the street and noted that he grew up into a mature family man, a far cry from the wild boy of their youth. During their conversation, Mandel gossiped about his old sexual partners and friends, and Alex was shocked to learn about the “middle-class success” (85) of his childhood friends. The encounter made him remember his first sexual encounter, when he, Mandel, and another friend visited the house of an Italian girl named Bubbles. Bubbles performed manual stimulation on Alex, and when he ejaculated, he got semen on the couch and in his eye. While Alex was in pain and convinced he might go blind, Bubbles called him antisemitic slurs. He worried about how he would explain his blindness to his parents. The next day, Mandel bragged that Bubbles gave him oral sex and they had intercourse. Alex regretted his missed opportunity, and his mind filled with questions.

Chapter 4 Analysis

Alex’s profanity was one of the reasons the novel was censored in certain countries. The profanity and the descriptions of sexual acts extend to the chapter titles; in Part 4, Alex is described as “Cunt Crazy.” His extended monologues do not disabuse the audience of this notion. The language that Alex uses reflects his obsession with sex. While he adheres to social expectations around his parents and in polite company, he is more than happy to use profane language with women when trying to satisfy his sexual desires. Alex is not being needlessly provocative; his profanity functions as a filtering device, allowing him to separate women who are easily offended from those who can tolerate his sexual interests. The use of profanity also speaks to the novel’s setting. Alex feels comfortable in the therapist’s office and feels free to talk about topics and use language that he would never use outside of a safe, secure setting. The language never prompts an intervention from Dr. Spielvogel, suggesting to Alex that—at long last—he found an outlet for his anxieties and tensions, particularly those concerning sexuality and morality.

Alex’s description of Christmas in the United States illustrates his feelings toward being Jewish in this society. Alex feels like an outsider at all times; whether because of his Jewish identity or his unique, sexual urges, he feels as though he does not fit into the dominant, mainstream culture that he sees around him. Christmas is a particularly demonstrative example of this. For most Americans, Christmas is a time of celebration, and Christmas decorations and the festive atmosphere are so common that they’re almost secular in their ubiquity. For Alex, Christmas is a stark reminder of his exclusion. He does not feel like he can engage with the Christmas spirit because his Jewish Identity feels too pronounced to do so. With this, he feels Christmas is a particular attack against his own identity, carefully calibrated to remind him of his marginalization. Even though other Jewish characters (as described by Alex) are unmoved by the celebration of Christmas, Alex’s neuroses and anxieties make him feel personally attacked by one of the biggest festivities in the American cultural calendar.

This chapter also establishes a link between Alex’s Jewish identity and Sex and Shame. Although Alex has described a life full of self-pleasure in the first three chapters, he describes his first sexual encounter with another person here. It’s a fraught encounter; Bubbles uninterestedly and roughly performs manual stimulation on Alex and stops when he doesn’t finish quickly enough. Alex then touches himself and ejaculates unexpectedly, getting semen in his eyes and on Bubbles’s couch and walls. This moment of completion­—long fantasized about—is filled with shame and pain instead of pleasure; Alex’s eyes are burning and he worries he’ll go blind, and Bubbles is furious and calls him an antisemitic slur. With this, Alex’s linking of sex and shame deepens. He was previously ashamed because he masturbated compulsively, but engaging sexually with another person doesn’t relieve his shameful feelings. Bubbles makes him feel inadequate and disgusting, then immediately ties these negative feelings to his being Jewish. Alex feels rightfully insulted by Bubbles’s antisemitic language, but he is still jealous when Mandel reveals that Bubbles performed sex acts on him after Alex left. Alex pushes down his indignation, consumed with curiosity about what it would feel like to have sex with Bubbles. With this, Alex’s relationship with his Jewish identity gets more complicated; he feels his Jewishness deeply and understands that people will weaponize against him, but at this point, he’s willing to abandon his Jewish identity for pleasure and views his Jewishness as the root cause of this experience’s unpleasantness, rather than correctly laying the blame on Bubbles’s antisemitism. As a result, he continues his attempts to distance himself from Judaism.

Over the course of the novel, Alex’s relationship with The Monkey emerges as one of the most important of his life. She is an object of his affection who, importantly, arrives in his life already sexualized. Her past marriage to the French industrialist involved sexual practices that perturb even Alex. This means that he feels that he does not need to worry about offending or degrading The Monkey, as she appeared before him in this state of imagined disgrace. Alex obsesses over his own guilt regarding sex, so her sexual experience helps alleviate one of his most pronounced anxieties. As this sexualized object of his affection, however, she is very literally objectified and dehumanized by Alex. He shows little care for her feelings or her needs; rather, their relationship is built on Alex hoping she can satisfy him without triggering his negative emotions. Alex reveals himself as a misogynist, rarely caring about the feelings of his romantic partners because he is so obsessed with his own pleasure and self-loathing. He views women as a means to an end, a way to satisfy his constant urges rather than people in their own right. Indeed, Alex choosing The Monkey as a nickname for her shows he doesn’t view her as a person at all; Alex scarcely uses her real name and instead gives her the identity of a trained animal. Alex’s inability to see women as anything other than sexual objects exacerbates his feelings of guilt and shame. Even The Monkey, who he hopes will alleviate this problem, only makes him feel worse about himself. Alex’s relentless focus on himself and his problems very rarely detours into considering the thoughts or feelings of the women he dates. His disastrous relationship with The Monkey is emblematic of this misogyny. 

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