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55 pages 1 hour read

John Wyndham

The Chrysalids

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1955

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Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 5 Summary

It is a season of incomparable purity as new animals and crops are born without flaws, aside from one of Angus Morton’s fields, which Joseph blames on his choice to acquire large horses. David and Sophie take advantage of the fact that everyone is busy working to further explore Waknuk’s outskirts. They come across a stream with shrimp in it, and David decides to wade in and fish. Sophie decides to take her shoes off and follow him in, and afterward, they sit with their feet in the sun. David assures Sophie her feet do not look strange at all.

On one of these occasions, a boy named Alan comes across Sophie and David as they are fishing. He notices Sophie’s footprint in the mud and immediately demands to know who she is and where she is from. As Sophie disappears into the bushes, David tackles Alan to the ground, and the two wrestle until Sophie approaches from behind and knocks Alan out with a rock. She and David run to her home, and Sophie’s parents immediately decide they must leave forever. David is distraught to hear this and begs to go with them, but Sophie’s parents know that bringing David would cause them to be followed. Instead, they ask him to be brave for Sophie and give her the best chance of escape by staying at the cottage for a few hours before going home. Sophie gives David a lock of her hair and kisses him before she leaves, and Sophie’s parents thank him for being her friend.

When David gets home, he attempts to sneak in unnoticed, but his father is already with the inspector discussing how David was caught with a Blasphemy. Joseph screams at David, and the inspector tries to reason with him; neither is able to glean any information about Sophie, and David is sent to his room. Joseph follows him in and beats him. Mary later bandages David’s back and feeds him. David spends the night in tears due to the “bitterness, self-contempt, and abasement” (52) that he feels. He blames himself for Sophie having to leave.

Chapter 6 Summary

In the night, several children tune in telepathically after they sense that David is distraught. When he explains the situation, they find it difficult to release what they have been taught about Deviations. When David finally falls asleep, he dreams of Sophie being sacrificed once more, and then dreams of the city for the first time in years. When he awakes, he finds his sister there to tend to him and spends his day lying on his stomach to allow his back to heal. He is visited by the inspector, who reveals that they know the last name of the family who escaped, and he continues pressing David for information. He lectures David about concealing Sophie, telling David that she is an imitation of a human. David protests, believing Sophie to be much the same as anyone else, but the inspector insists that the Devil sent her. Joseph walks in to announce that Sophie and her parents have been captured, and David cannot bear the pain of the news.

David confides in Uncle Axel that he wants to run away. His first idea is to escape to the Fringes, but Uncle Axel insists that is a terrible idea as they are always starving. When David asks about the world outside Labrador, Uncle Axel states that it is a godless place. David knows this is an unsatisfactory answer and asks for more information, and Uncle Axel gives in. He tells David that the world outside Waknuk is not only Badlands and Fringes; some books detail these things, though they are hard to find.

Sailors discover other lands and are told not to speak of them. There are islands north of Labrador, the endless sea to the east, and a large bay to the south, followed by endless Badlands. Within these Badlands are Deviations of all forms, including corn the size of trees, mushrooms as large as boulders, and vines hundreds of feet long. Uncle Axel describes it as “a kind of jungle of Deviations, going on for miles and miles” (59). He considers it a warning of what could happen in Waknuk if Offences went unchecked. Beyond this place is a black desert where nothing grows at all. When ships sail through, the barnacles drop off dead. One ship sailed too close once and saw old stone ruins, which suggests that people once lived there. The people on that ship soon wasted away from a mysterious illness. One account of this blackened place notes that it seems to be slowly becoming a more hospitable land, and it glows at night in some places.

Beyond the black place are uncivilized lands, where people allow Deviations to live ordinary lives. Some tribes believe their Deviations to be the true norm. There are people with pure white skin and hair, people with black skin, and people who speak all varieties of languages. One thing that all these cultures share is their stories of the Old People, who could apparently fly and communicate from great distances. Uncle Axel suggests that all these different people have their own idea of the true image, and it is impossible to know who is correct. The Bible gives no specific description, and Repentances was written after Tribulation by a man who could easily have been biased to his own form. David asks if there are any cities in the south, wondering if he dreamt of a real place, but Uncle Axel insists there are not.

He stresses the importance of knowing that there is no proof of God’s true image, and he notes that David’s ability to speak with others telepathically may be closer to the true image. There is no way of knowing. David confesses that there are eight other children with the same ability, but one disappeared suddenly a month ago. He asks Uncle Axel if he can find out more about what happened. When David looks back on this conversation later, he understands that Uncle Axel was trying to shield him from the horrific awakening that awaited him when he realized his ability was a Deviation.

Chapter 7 Summary

David’s mother gives birth to a baby girl, but nobody speaks of the birth until the inspector certifies that the baby is human and “normal.” The day passes by with high anxiety, and the inspector finally arrives in the afternoon. He determines that the baby is “normal,” which is a relief as the past two births were not. The baby is named Petra, and David is then told he has a new sister to meet. In saying, “She did appear to be as normal as a newborn baby ever looks […]” (68), David foreshadows Petra’s abilities.

A few days after Petra is born, David’s Aunt Harriet shows up to visit. David overhears her and his mother talking, and Harriet reveals that her new baby, also born a few days ago, has a small “abnormality.” Emily is horrified to hear this and that Harriet brought what she considers a monster into her home. She is even more dismayed when Harriet asks if she can trade their babies for a few days to pass the inspection. Emily refuses, and Joseph soon walks in and is told everything. He becomes enraged and goes on for several minutes about purity, how Harriet has produced a Blasphemy, and how she further sinned by asking her sister to be involved. Harriet protests, stating that she does not believe God plans to cause his children to suffer. Joseph sends her away from the house, and Emily senses that Joseph has dark plans for Harriet. She tries to excuse her sister and begins to cry when she knows it is useless. The next day, Harriet is found dead in a river, and her baby is not mentioned at all.

Chapter 8 Summary

Harriet is wiped from the minds of the Strorm family, but David cannot forget what she said and how she looked as she rode away. He dreams of her lying pale in the river, still holding her baby, and thinks about how such tiny imperfections can have such drastic consequences. Babies born with Deviations are referred to as Mutants, and they are thought to steer humanity away from God. David realizes that he, too, is a Deviation, and he prays to be “normal,” but it does nothing. He realizes that having a Deviation means he could be killed if he is found out, and he goes to Uncle Axel for advice.

He asks about the boy who died and finds out it was someone named Walter Brent, who was hit by a falling tree accidentally. Uncle Axel insists that David will be safe as long as he keeps his power a secret. He notes that people everywhere have experienced Deviation births (likely the result of radiation poisoning). Uncle Axel believes that it was not God who caused the apocalypse at all, but something more sinister, likely to do with decisions the Old People made. He wonders if these people are really something to admire or imitate at all.

Uncle Axel states that humans are made human by their minds, not their physical images. This separates them from other animals and distinguishes them as human. He believes that David’s ability to speak telepathically is a sign that the minds of humans are once again evolving. He believes it’s a gift from God and encourages David to utilize it as best he can without revealing it.

Later, David tunes in with the other telepaths and tells them what he learned about Walter. They decide to tell each other their names, and David finds out that they are children of varying ages in Waknuk: Michael, Anne, Mark, Sally, Katherine, Anne, and Rachel. When Michael starts attending school in a nearby district, he learns about new methods of doing things and facts about faraway places and points in history. He shares all he learns with the others, and they pass unnoticed for another six years until it is discovered that Petra holds the same capabilities.

Chapters 5-8 Analysis

The true darkness of Waknuk is revealed as truths are exposed. Sophie is discovered and must leave immediately with her family, and they are captured soon after. David is punished for spending time with Sophie, hiding her deviation, and treating her like a “normal” human being. His father screams at him and then beats him to the point that he needs to be bandaged and spend the day in bed to heal. David sees nothing wrong with Sophie and does not understand the logic of placing such importance on something so small as an extra toe. He seems to be the only one who feels this way as of now, as when he confides in the other telepaths, they find it difficult to empathize. They are deeply inculcated in a culture of Purity, Prejudice, and the Rippling Effects of Fear, which makes it hard for them to envision a different world than what they’ve been told, even as they don’t quite fit into it. Six years later, the other children finally realize that they are considered deviations too, but David realizes it much sooner. He prays to be “normal” but then decides to go to Uncle Axel for advice. Uncle Axel sows the seeds of doubt in David, emphasizing that Waknuk’s belief system is a guess, just like everyone else's. In the context of The Chrysalids being a Cold War narrative, this implies that neither side of the War might be right—these are societies that are just different, but that doesn’t make one or the other wrong.

When Aunt Harriet comes with her baby, she confesses it has a mutation and begs for her sister’s help in keeping it. She is found dead the next day, demonstrating that Joseph does not discriminate when it comes to pleasing the Lord—anything and anyone is eligible. This is another irony in Joseph’s doctrine, as he does not protect the innocent or believe that all life has value. Furthermore, when David’s sister is born, nobody speaks of her until she is inspected and certified human. It is as if she does not even exist until then. Ironically, Petra is later revealed to have the strongest telepathic capabilities, falling outside of what is considered “normal.” All these horrific events and maltreatment illustrate The Dangers of Resisting Change as well as the difference between True Versus False Unity. Joseph disguises his actions as the intention of maintaining purity and saving the human race, but it only leads to more conflict in the end. It is Waknuk’s fear of change and another Tribulation that leads them to commit such heinous acts.

Uncle Axel becomes David’s loyal adult companion and mentor. Uncle Axel is aware of David’s abilities and that other children have them too, and he does his best to keep David safe because he knows what will happen to him if he is found out. Uncle Axel illuminates the truths of the world outside and within Waknuk. He was a sailor when he was younger and has seen other cultures, heard other languages, and witnessed the mutated plants and animals that exist beyond the Badlands. Uncle Axel also describes a desolate, blackened place where nothing grows at all. The mental map that he paints for David and the reader suggests that a massive nuclear attack took place on the Eastern coast of North America, wiping out most of it and leaving the rest poisoned by radiation. His assertions that the Old People wiped themselves out further confirm this. In the context of Cold War anxieties, this landscape serves as a warning of what happens when “an entire race goes insane” (179); David and the others are Living Among the Wreckage of a Fallen World.

Another important factor that is introduced through Uncle Axel is the existence of other cultures and beliefs. It is the first time David has heard of any such thing, and it causes him to doubt his own beliefs about God for the first time. Uncle Axel suggests that the true image of God cannot be known since everyone seems to have a different idea of what it is. What he does know is that humans are made human by their capacity for deep thought. Uncle Axel sees David’s and the others’ ability as a sign that the human race is evolving to “a new quality of mind” (80), possibly coming closer to God’s image. At the end of the book, Uncle Axel’s theory turns out to be correct, as an evolved race of Sealand people that can communicate telepathically is revealed later.

David and the other telepaths finally introduce themselves after one of them is found dead, supposedly due to an accident. Together, they decide that it is best to know each other in case anything happens to any of them. In confiding their names, they come more like family than distant communicators, and their bond is forever solidified. This emphasizes the role of solidarity and community in the face of violence and oppression, something that becomes increasingly important as the group is targeted for their deviance. Their communal anxieties over being discovered build narrative tension, and the stakes continue to rise as the children grow older.

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