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67 pages 2 hours read

Rick Riordan

The Mark Of Athena

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2012

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Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 5 Summary: “Leo”

Leo cannot remember exactly what happened. He recalls watching himself but not being able to control his actions. He recalls feeling cold. Arion and Hazel are following the ship, and Jason is injured and resting. The ship is damaged, but its mechanized head, Festus, formerly a whole bronze dragon, is functioning. With Festus’s help, Leo assesses what materials he needs for repairs and informs the group that they will find them “at the Great Salt in Utah” (47).

The ship lands on the lake, and Arion lands on the ship. Hazel studies Leo, making him nervous. He shows her around the ship. In addition to eight cabins for the demigods and Coach Hedge, the ship has a mess hall/lounge, stables, a sickbay, storage, and an engine room. Jason and Piper are in the sickbay, and the rest of the demigods are in the dining area. Frank asks about the prophecy Ella uttered from having accessed the Sibylline Books, a collection of prophecies related to the fall of Rome.

Conversation turns to fixing the ship. Hazel says they must hurry; the Romans will come after them “as a matter of honor” (50). Annabeth explains that she too has had the cold feeling, and the group agrees to use a buddy system to work quickly and ensure no one is left alone.

Chapter 6 Summary: “Leo”

Hazel and Leo ride Arion to secure supplies. Before they left, Percy shared Hazel’s story: A daughter of Pluto, she had died in the 1940s and only recently returned to life. Arion drops Leo and Hazel at the beach, where Leo gathers salt that contains the lime he needs. He hears a message from Gaea telling him to “Walk away” but ignores it (54, italics in original). Hazel tells Leo he reminds her of someone she knew in New Orleans, Sammy, but Leo cannot be him or have known him since Hazel knew Sammy in her previous life.

Hazel, with her Pluto-inspired knowledge of precious metals, leads the way to the lake where they will find the celestial bronze Leo needs. They encounter a woman dressed in leather and surrounded by fortune cookies. She is Nemesis, the goddess of revenge. To Leo, she looks exactly like his Aunt Rosa from Houston, who abandoned him after his mother died. To Hazel, she looks like her cruel third-grade teacher. Her form is the same in Greek and Roman, since “revenge is universal” (57). She reveals that civil war between the Greeks and Romans is brewing, causing the Olympians to feel trapped between their two forms and incapacitated. The gods blame Juno/Hera, who has fled Olympus. The demigods can no longer expect her help. Leo feels ambivalent since the goddess has groomed him from childhood for his role.

Nemesis offers her help, since she enjoys humbling “the proud and powerful,” which in this case is Gaea, and warns Leo and Hazel that “[t]rue success requires sacrifice” (58). Hazel and Leo resent hearing this since both have lost loved ones. Nemesis directs them to where they can find the celestial bronze, warning Hazel that she only has six days to save her brother, Nico, before Rome is destroyed. Nemesis tells Leo that his hardest times are ahead of him: He “will always be the outsider” among his friends and “face a problem [he] cannot solve” (59). She gives him a fortune cookie that will solve his problems “when the time comes,” though opening the cookie will require him to make a sacrifice (60). He puts it into his tool belt. Nemesis’s parting words are that “an old wrong avenged” might bring unity to Olympus, if the demigods accept her help (60).

Chapter 7 Summary: “Leo”

Hazel admits that Nico found her in the Underworld and brought her to Camp Jupiter, giving her a “second chance at life” (61). Though she has no insight into Nemesis’s warning, if Nico needs her help, she cannot refuse him. Leo privately doubts Nemesis would help anyone without an ulterior motive. He ponders Nemesis’s warning about always being the outsider among his friends, a feeling he has struggled with already, being the one demigod on the quest without a partner and having stoked war with the Romans by firing on their city. Hazel reminds him that Nemesis’s purpose is to “stir up resentment” (63).

Hazel and Leo encounter Echo, who leads them to a pond surrounded by nymphs photographing a handsome young man, Narcissus, staring at his reflection. The nymphs remind Echo that she lost her chance with him, since he “dumped [her] four thousand years ago,” and Hera had cursed Echo for talking too much (67). Leo pushes through the crowd of gossiping nymphs. Looking into the pond, he sees a submerged sheet of Celestial bronze. Narcissus will not allow him to take it because it is reflecting his image, which he is in love with. Leo offers him a mirror to trade, but Narcissus prefers the bronze. Hazel understands that Echo brought them to the pond to save Narcissus from himself. Nemesis had cursed him to fall in love with his own image because he “broke so many hearts” (69).

Hazel, Leo, and Echo retreat to decide what to do. Hazel believes that Narcissus cannot change his nature and will again stare at himself until he dies, but Leo reminds her that they need the bronze. If they take it away, Narcissus might have the motivation “to snap out of it” (70). Leo asks Hazel to summon the bronze while he and Echo create a distraction.

Chapter 8 Summary: “Leo”

Leo creates a diversion by strolling among the crowd of nymphs and crowing that he is cool, and Narcissus is a loser; Echo repeats everything he says. His act works, drawing the nymphs’ attention and irritating Narcissus so that he turns his attention away from the bronze. By the time he turns back, Hazel has removed it. He threatens to leave, alarming the nymphs, unless they can get the bronze sheet back. He readies his bow and orders the nymphs to “kill those demigods” (74). Narcissus and the nymphs chase Hazel and Leo, while Echo tries to run interference. Hazel calls on Arion, who arrives just in time. Leo doesn’t want to leave Echo behind, but she wants to stay and save Narcissus.

Chapters 5-8 Analysis

Leo’s chapters enable readers to become acquainted with the Argo, via the tour Leo provides for Hazel, who has not yet seen it. The ship represents Leo’s capacities as a son of Hephaestus, the Greek god of smithing and a male counterpart for Athena’s domain of crafts. His Roman aspect is called Vulcan. These chapters begin to develop Leo’s character and his centrality to the quest.

In Greek myth, Hephaestus has a physical disability, a consequence of being thrown off Mount Olympus by one of his parents (which one did it and why differ in ancient versions of the myths), which sets him apart from the other gods. Leo, too, struggles with feelings of alienation from his friends. He is the only demigod who does not have a romantic partner among the demigods on the quest. Firing on the Roman camp for reasons he does not understand makes him feel responsible for war breaking out with the Roman camp. His encounter with Nemesis reinforces his feeling of alienation as she explicitly tells him that he “will always be the outsider” among his friends (59).

The group’s experience with Nemesis furthers the larger plot, setting the stage for events to come later in the book. Her parting words that “an old wrong avenged” might bring unity to Olympus if Leo accepts her help foreshadows his decision to open a fortune cookie in Chapter 39 (60). Percy and Annabeth’s fate in Chapter 51 seems to follow as the sacrifice that Nemesis requires, again reinforcing Leo’s feelings of guilt.

Like Annabeth, Leo feels a sinister presence but lacks insight into what exactly it is. Their parallel experiences create tension and anticipation. Similarly, the Romans’ anger and inevitable retaliation ratchets up the plot tension, as the demigods now not only race against time to defeat Gaea but also must rush to stay ahead of the Romans who are chasing them and threatening retaliation against Camp Half-Blood.

The connection that Leo and Hazel share further reflects the complex web of associations among mythical figures in ancient versions of the myths that Riordan updates. The novel is filled with subtle allusions that are likely only understood by readers of Greek and Roman myths, including characters, narratives, and ideas. For example, Leo’s ambivalence toward Hera as both his antagonist and his patron is a familiar concept in Greek mythology. Heroes typically have both a divine antagonist and patron, sometimes in the same god or goddess (e.g., Odysseus and Athena in the Odyssey). Hera is known for her animosity for the children her husband Zeus fathers with mortal women. The most famous of these is Heracles/Hercules, whose name in Greek means “fame of Hera.” As with Leo, Heracles’s fame, notably his twelve labors, results from Hera’s tormenting of him. The fame and the suffering are irrevocably connected.

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