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The objective of Nora’s plan is to demonstrate how an emphasis on grades and test scores is unhelpful—even hurtful—to students’ development and relationship with learning. Students learn from a young age that grades and test scores are important, and as they grow older, these numbers become more central to the educational opportunities that students receive. In kindergarten, Stephen demonstrates a genuine love of learning, as he’s determined to perfect his letters and really study his surroundings. However, learning becomes less enjoyable when he feels pressured to meet a particular standard. After fourth-grade testing, Nora recalls, “Stephen didn’t get good scores. And I knew why. I had watched him making faces and chewing his pencil and looking up at the clock every other minute during the tests. It was the pressure that got to him” (24). Stephen panics under the intense expectations because the test results not only affect his future, but also his present sense of self-worth.
Grades also create social divisions among classmates in the novel. Teachers categorize students by their grades, sending the highest-scoring kids to special classes and awarding them honors. While good grades make many of these students arrogant, lower grades give other students a false sense of incompetence. Nora explains, “And then all the kids start competing and comparing. The smart kids feel smarter and better and get all stuck-up, and the regular kids feel stupid and like there’s no way to ever catch up” (73). The lower-scoring kids start to doubt their abilities, decreasing their motivation to work hard and challenge themselves: “It felt like school had turned into a big race, and it looked like the gifted kids had already won” (26). Nora hates when Stephen calls himself dumb because if he believes it’s true, he yields to an identity implied by a few tests. She decides to use her gift to prove that grades and test scores do not determine a student’s full abilities or help them learn better in the classroom.
Even early in the story, Nora acknowledges that students aren’t the only people who suffer when they earn low grades and test scores: “[When] a kid gets a bad grade, it’s like the teacher is getting a bad grade too. And the principal. And the whole school and the whole town and the whole state. And […] the parents” (46). Within the established value system, low grades reflect a failure not only by the student to answer the right questions, but also by principals to implement effective curriculums and by parents to instill good habits and by states to prove that the country is molding successful contributors to society. What Nora doesn’t realize is that people other than students share her same concerns about the incorrect assumption that grades are the best indicator of whether or not these goals are achieved. When she talks to Mrs. Byrne, the librarian admits that “I was not happy when they made me start giving grades in library skills. That’s not what the library is for” (72). Like Nora, Mrs. Byrne believes in education that truly fosters understanding and a love of learning; an Internet research project only serves to give the school a quantitative number rather than let the students enjoy the library for its intended purpose. Knowing her teachers’ attitude toward grades breaks down Nora’s presumed divisions between teachers and students, promoting a united front against flaws in the educational system.
Nora doesn’t necessarily want to eliminate grades altogether, but she wants to change how teachers and students use grades in education. Although the administration doesn’t institute new policies within the narrative—nor does the story explore alternatives in-depth—Nora begins imagining new ways of using grades in education. After Dr. Trindler informs Nora that she can’t know the score on her own IQ test, she wonders,
[Dr. Trindler] thought it was bad for someone like me to know my own IQ score. And maybe he was right. If the score was low, then I might think I was stupid. And if the score was high, then I might think I was better than somebody else. But then I asked myself, How are these IQ scores different from grades? Or the Mastery Testing scores? How come they don’t hide all the grades and scores from kids? Teachers need to know the grades so they can figure out how to help kids do better and learn more, but why do kids need to know them? After all, those CMT scores didn’t help Stephen—not one bit (80).
Nora envisions a better system in which students can focus on learning without feeling overwhelming pressure or incompetence. She reasons that if educators lift the burden of grades from students, then students can focus on doing their best without worrying about standards or comparing themselves to peers. Even though the system doesn’t change during the story, Nora’s action helps her school community reevaluate how grades impact their students’ education.
Nora’s high intelligence makes her wise and perceptive beyond her years, qualities that she uses to better both herself and her community. When Nora catches herself in a cynical train of thought, she reprimands herself: “I didn’t let myself be cynical. Because that’s too easy. And because I knew better” (80). She explains for readers the history of the Cynics as an ancient philosophical school, and then she proceeds to adjust her behavior accordingly. Unlike the “gifted” students in her class, who often think themselves better than the average students, she doesn’t use her understanding to feed her arrogance. Rather, she directs her wisdom toward self-awareness and improves herself for others’ sake. She also commits to improving the world around her; seeing the report cards’ negative impact on her peers, Nora decides to use her gift to make a difference. She starts by nearly failing all her classes, knowing that a few bad grades aren’t a huge sacrifice for her: “But it’s sort of like I have immunity. I’m smart, and I know I’m smart, and I know that when I have to prove I’m smart, I’ll be able to. My grades won’t matter so much, not like they do now for a lot of kids” (73). She understands that she’ll probably get in trouble, but she willingly accepts the consequences for a larger purpose.
Nora’s enthusiasm for her goals does cause her to overlook complications at key moments. For example, she thinks only of her objective when she fails every quiz one Friday. When Mrs. Hackney confronts her, Nora says that she acts on her classmates’ behalf: “What about all the other kids? I get to go and do creative and exciting things, and all the other kids get worksheets and memorization and the same old stuff, week after week. That’s not fair” (122). However, Mrs. Hackney must deal with the more immediate consequences of Nora’s actions. Mrs. Hackney challenges her, “A gift like yours comes with responsibilities, Nora. I want you to think about that. You have responsibilities” (122). Nora inwardly maintains that she has a different goal than Mrs. Hackney believes—Nora doesn’t necessarily want to eliminate grades, just change the way grades affect students—but Nora does pause to contemplate how getting zeroes complicates her teachers’ jobs. She focused so stubbornly on the final objective that she didn’t consider how her actions could negatively impact others along the way.
After this realization, Nora approaches Mrs. Byrne for advice. The conversation is difficult for Nora, and Mrs. Byrne doesn’t give her concrete advice: “I wish I could tell you what to do, Nora. But I can’t. I can tell you this, though. Of all the possible things we can do at any moment, one is usually better than the rest. So that’s the one to look out for. All you ever have to do is the next good thing” (131). The effect is counterintuitive; instead of advising Nora what to do, she leaves her with more questions than answers. Nonetheless, Nora walks away feeling better: “Which wasn’t logical. Because the fact is, logic only works up to a certain point. Beyond that point, it takes a different kind of thinking. More like listening. And watching” (132-133). She now realizes that her plans misfired because she only acted according to the big picture when, in fact, she should also use her intelligence to make wise decisions for each moment.
Nora accidentally incites rebellion among her classmates when they follow her example by also failing their quizzes. This once again reminds Nora how different she is from the others: “Fact: I was the only kid in the whole school worrying this way about grades and tests and competition. All the other kids were being normal. And I had to face that fact, too: I was not a normal kid” (128). The other kids only joined Nora’s cause because the plan sounded exciting and broke their routine; they don’t fully comprehend how grades and test scores impact their lives—short- and long-term—like Nora does. Once again, Nora’s plans don’t consider all the relevant information. She finally makes amends with both teachers and students when she addresses everyone in the library: “I know school’s important, and it’s important to do good work, and I think almost every kid does—good work, I mean. And the teachers do, too” (165). She never intended to minimize school’s importance, only the impact of grades on students’ self-perception and social dynamics. Nonetheless, Nora’s brave speech to her teachers and classmates helps redirect everyone’s attention to more important matters: Students should always try their best in school—without worrying about what score their “best” produces—and teachers should investigate creative ways to instill a true love of learning in their students. Most importantly, Nora achieves this by listening to the people around her and determining the next good step for everyone. Nora learns that responsibility for her intelligence involves not only grand, big-picture ideas, but also wisdom in every decision she makes each step of the way.
The novel explores Nora’s uncommon desire to be ordinary, which stems from an innate desire for connection and belonging. Nora believes her intelligence would alienate her from her classmates, so she keeps that part of herself hidden. Even though Nora is a genius, she never thinks herself above any of her classmates. The narrative explores the temptation for gifted, high-scoring students to believe they are better than the other kids, but Nora never falls into this trap. In fact, she works to dismantle social hierarchies to encourage unity among her peers. Far from dismissing her classmates as inferior, they inspire her with their perseverance. In kindergarten, Nora thinks, “Day by day I got a clearer idea of how far ahead I was. That didn’t make me think I was better than the other kids, though. The more I got to know them, the more I admired them” (21). These are the people she wants to surround herself with, and she would rather enjoy their company than stretch her intelligence to (what the adults call) her “full potential.”
Nora believes that ordinary friendships are the pinnacle of normal life. She understands that if she only embraces her extraordinary intelligence, she may sacrifice the meaningful interpersonal connections that she craves. To Nora, Stephen represents the best of humanity, not for his intelligence—though she truly believes that he’s a smart kid—but for his genuine character. She befriends him, she reasons, “Because I thought, Who could be a better friend than Stephen? And I also thought, If Stephen was my friend, then I could help him. Because that’s what friends do” (22). Nora doesn’t seek out the most popular or intelligent kids, nor does she want anyone to idolize her; rather, she wants mutually committed friendships where she can support the people she cares about. The novel’s last scene particularly emphasizes how Nora values her ordinary friendship with Stephen. After a short conversation as they walk home from school, Nora thinks, “That three minutes with Stephen wasn’t so much if you only look at the events, like a scientist would. Because, really, what happened? Hardly anything” (173). However, those three minutes mean everything to Nora because it proves that Stephen can know everything about her and still accept her as she is. Normalcy is a sign of durability, and their mundane conversation that ends the book implies that their friendship will continue to grow throughout the years.
As people learn about Nora’s gift, she grows increasingly frustrated by the big plans they make on her behalf, arranged to help her meet her “full potential.” Toward the end of the story, she finally has an appropriate opportunity to stand up for herself: “What if being normal is my big goal in life? Is there anything wrong with that? To be happy and read books and hang out with my friends and play soccer and listen to music?” (168). Nora challenges the idea that a successful life means getting ahead as early as possible and viewing her peers as competition. Instead, she wants to enjoy her friendships, hobbies, and childhood. Mrs. Byrne—who recognizes and brings out the best of Nora’s personhood—inspires Nora to consider pursuing library sciences as a career. Nora regards this humble but meaningful vocation as achieving her “full potential;” helping others as Mrs. Byrne helped her is how Nora envisions maximizing her influence. Though Nora can pursue any dream she desires, she chooses to embrace her deep passion for encouraging community and providing spaces where people can belong.
By Andrew Clements