63 pages • 2 hours read
Sulari GentillA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This portion of the guide includes descriptions of stalking behavior, sexual assault, gender-based violence, and murder.
Freddie is late for an appointment with a Boston detective, so the detective shows up at her apartment. The detective is shocked when Cain comes downstairs on his way out. The detective warns Freddie that Cain is very dangerous and asks if Freddie has read his novel. Cain’s first novel is the story of how a convicted man systematically kills everyone he holds responsible for his imprisonment. Caroline Palfrey was the granddaughter of the judge who sentenced Cain, so Caroline’s death is fact that reads like Cain’s fiction.
Evidence in Cain’s case shows Cain locked his mother in her room before his stepfather came home on the night of the murder, and Cain had a knife ready under his pillow before the murder. Freddie is shaken, but she reminds the detective that at least three other people were in the Reading Room when the murderer killed Caroline Palfrey (presumably at the time of the scream). The detective suggests that Cain was providing himself an alibi while an accomplice did the killing. Leo B shows up. Freddie forgot that she agreed to go to a dinner in Rockport, Massachusetts, with other fellows of the Sinclair Foundation.
In his email to Hannah, Leo A writes that he is flattered because he thinks Hannah may be setting up Leo B, his fictional double, as Cain’s accomplice.
At first, the trip to Rockport is lovely, but then Freddie receives a call with a woman screaming from Cain’s old number. She also gets two text messages that include a picture of her apartment door and another of Cain’s front door. She forces Leo B to take her back to Boston. At the Boston police station, she tells the detective about the messages. The detective points out that the person who sent her these messages sent them to her new number, and only someone who knows her would realize she switched numbers when the police took her old phone. Freddie gives the detective a list of the people who do know, and it includes family, the friends from the Reading Room, Leo B, and the library. The detective speculates that the messages might be a well-intentioned warning that Freddie and Cain are in danger.
In his email to Hannah, Leo A gives Hannah more notes on her draft. Hannah hasn’t included any details about the COVID pandemic, an omission that will make her book dated and unrealistic. She could add a conflict between maskers and anti-maskers to help with that problem. In fact, it would be a good idea for her to include an actual fight over masking. Someone could even get hurt or killed, which would bring excitement to the book. He advises Hannah not to be afraid to explore darkness in the world by including it in her novel.
Freddie returns to her apartment, which the police have searched. All of her items are in disarray. She gets a writing session in and decides to write the detective into her novel. She feels like the bus, her description of what the writing process is like, is back under her control. Whit and Marigold show up as well to comfort her and to share some information. Marigold has done further research on Cain’s case, and Cain has not been completely candid with Freddie. His defense lawyer was Whit’s mother, who remarried and changed her last name in the intervening years. Freddie finally begins to feel some doubts about Cain, especially since he still has not called her as promised. She wonders why he didn’t say anything once he recognized Whit’s mother. Whit is still giving Cain the benefit of the doubt, but Marigold now believes that Cain is not who he appears to be. Whit promises to look for Cain.
In his email to Hannah, Leo A expresses frustration. He believes Hannah is violating the rules of the mystery genre by not allowing Freddie to experience immediate and violent consequences for continuing to support Cain. He reads Whit’s concern for Freddie as flirtation and a reward for Freddie in spite of her bad behavior. He believes Freddie should be punished instead. He tells her that there are now protests in the street (likely protests over the killing of George Floyd) and because of this, the investigation into the serial killer on the loose has slowed. He muses that civil disorder is a perfect cover for a serial killer.
Cain places a video call to Freddie. The police tried to arrest him, but he managed to get away. He is now a fugitive. Every time she asks him a question about the discrepancies between his account and the story Marigold revealed, he is able to explain them away. Freddie accepts what he says because she is in love with him, she realizes. He asks her to give him some money because he’s afraid the police are tracing his debit card, and she agrees to do so. They agree to meet secretly at the Brattle Theatre that night if possible.
After the call, Freddie tries to continue work on her novel, but she feels so disturbed that she begins to put her writing skills to use to try to understand what has happened so far. Just as she does once she has a first draft of her novel, she outlines characters and events in an accordion-style Japanese notebook (it stretches out to one long page horizontally). She begins to wonder if all four of them being in the Boston Public Library Reading Room is no coincidence. The four of them must be connected in some way, but she can’t see what her connection is. She calls her parents. Ever since the death of her sister Geraldine, their relationship is cordial but shallow. Leo B leaves a note that he is available for wine and comfort.
In his email to Hannah, Leo A writes back that Freddie giving money to Cain is alarming. He tells Hannah he has enclosed a picture of himself as she requested. He has on a mask and baseball cap, making him invisible and anonymous, and he revels in this. He knows what Hannah looks like because—unlike him—she is famous and thus has a readily recognizable face.
Leo B arranges a lunch between Freddie and Lauren Penfold, a journalist covering the death of Boo (Shaun Jacobs) for The Rag. Freddie lies to Leo B about what she was really after when she talked to Lauren about Caroline. Lauren tells her that Caroline Palfrey was stuck up and a credit hog who thought she was destined for better than The Rag. Caroline and Whit were working on a story, but something broke up the collaboration. Before that, Caroline was a friend of Whit’s who frequently pretended to be his girlfriend to stop his many distraught ex-lovers and one-night stands from calling the office. Lauren bets that one of these women stabbed Whit.
Lauren delivers a bombshell: Her story on Boo will focus on how he was once a surgeon but ended up in prison after drug misuse destroyed his life. Freddie leaves. She is shaken and believes Shaun was the person who stabbed Cain in prison. Like everyone else, maybe he was at the library because someone arranged for him to be there. Whit was there because a rare book request had gone missing, and the librarian said the book might have been misplaced in the Reading Room.
Later that night, Marigold shows up at Freddie’s apartment. She and Whit finally made love, and they are going on a date later that night. Freddie doesn’t say anything about what Lauren told her about Whit, and Freddie also loans Marigold clothes for the date. Marigold confesses she was at the Reading Room the day of the scream because she had been following Whit—stalking him, Freddie realizes.
Leo A apologizes for having questioned Hannah’s direction with Marigold’s character. He praises her for allowing Marigold to get the love she deserves with Whit. He is also happy Hannah incorporated his suggestion to make Marigold older, but he notes one Australian term in Marigold’s dialogue.
Cain makes his way to the theater from the Roxbury neighborhood where he lives while Hannah manages to shake the plain-clothes police officer following her. She wears a baseball cap to make herself anonymous, and she is proud of her skill at evading the police. Cain and Freddie watch the film and have dinner. Freddie confronts Cain over his lies, especially Shaun being the person who stabbed him in prison. Cain explains that Shaun was just following the orders of the prisoner at the top of the pecking order, who wanted Cain punished for stepping out of line. Shaun could have killed Cain, but he didn’t.
Freddie shares her theory that the four of them being at the library that day was no coincidence, but they can’t figure out why Cain was there. Cain rejects her theory that the meeting of the four friends was arranged by someone. He notes that all the scream did was create a bond between four random people. None of them knew Caroline was dead at the time. Cain gives Freddie a burner phone.
Leo A notes that Cain lives in Roxbury, a predominantly Black community, and from that information extrapolates Cain might be Black, which might also explain his skittishness around the police. Leo admits he assumed all the characters are white, but there is no reason they couldn’t be Black. Hannah is “not white” (198), and Leo A admits he may well be acting out of unconscious bias in assuming the characters are white. Marigold could most certainly be Black, but Whit is white because he looks like a “hero of an old cartoon” (4), Freddie’s description of Whit at the start of the novel.
In a postscript, Leo A asks if Leo B is also Black and explains the possibility is disturbing his sense of self since he is white and thinks of himself as Leo B.
In a second postscript, Leo A tells Hannah the color of characters—just like the pandemic—matters. In the United States, police shoot Black people doing innocuous things. Also, leading readers to think the characters they’ve invested in are Black instead of white will make readers angry and might damage her reputation.
Marigold shows up at Freddie’s apartment the next morning in tears because Whit suddenly abandoned her during the date. Marigold assumed he left to be with Freddie, especially when she went to Freddie’s apartment and found that Freddie was not in. Freddie tells her this is foolish and that she has no feelings for Whit. Whit comes over almost immediately after that. He tells them he left suddenly the night before because his mother was attacked, and his mother identified Cain as the one who committed the attack. Marigold and Whit are unhappy that Freddie still maintains that Cain is innocent. When they leave, Freddie calls Cain on the burner phone.
Leo A asks Hannah if Marigold’s jealousy was Hannah giving Leo A a “literary slap” (207) over his own displeasure about how the relationship between Whit and Marigold is unfolding. He reiterates that he thinks it is a mistake for Hannah not to include the pandemic as part of the context for her novel. He sent her a completely revised version of her novel that includes the pandemic, and he added in extra murders in his version. He attaches pictures and several pages on a middle-aged woman who was murdered, complete with graphic descriptions and suggestions for how to incorporate it into her novel. He says she should have had Cain mutilate Jean just like the victim in the attached photos.
In this section, Gentill shows that reading is powerful and can be dangerous. Leo A is the primary reader in the frame narrative, and his reading of Hannah’s work eggs him on to greater aggression in his responses to her and his actions in Boston. Writers write for specific audiences and rely on conventions of genres as starting points, but Leo A begins to critique Hannah’s text harshly because she doesn’t conform to his rigid notions of the genre of mystery and because she doesn’t attend to his specific desires for a more realistic murder mystery.
Leo A’s criticism of Hannah’s genre-bending and her approach to racial representation is metatextual—it encourages critical thinking about writing and reading practices. Most readers, on coming to Leo A’s intense reaction to the idea that characters with no overt racial descriptors might be Black, will engage in re-reading or reconsideration of all levels of the narrative to determine whether Leo A’s guess is reasonable. His discussion about the need for broader representation of people of all types is an important part of contemporary discussions of the publishing industry, and readers and fandoms have played an important role in pushing that discussion. On the face of it, those are reasonable concerns for a beta reader to express, though his concerns over his own character nudge this into a more racially biased concern.
Still, Leo A’s critiques ignore the kind of book Hannah wants to write. Hannah is writing a whodunit with cozy murder mystery and romance touches. Whodunits, cozy mysteries, and romances are more focused on detection, setting, and relationships, respectively. As media scholar Carole V. Bell notes, “in an uncertain world, cozy mysteries make excellent comfort food […] [and] offer the intrigue, emotional reward and puzzle-solving satisfaction of a juicy murder mystery without the gore” (Bell, Carole V. “Mood-Boosting Cozy Mysteries Are Increasingly Diverse.” Book Riot, 2021). Whodunits, especially conventional ones, are comforting because they end with certainty about the perpetrator of a crime, which is reassuring in an uncertain world. Conventional romances also end in certainty in the union between lovers after they overcome obstacles. Leo A wants something else that matches his perspective on the world. He wants Hannah to imagine a world that is “getting darker, and [in which] murder now needs to compete with disease, neglect, and the inherent selfishness of man” (170).
Leo A not only ignores the genre contexts of Hannah’s novel, but he also makes cognitive errors that hamper his understanding of readers of the subgenres that influence Hannah and his understanding of life in general. His understanding of unconscious bias doesn’t help him offer useful suggestions on issues of race and racism in the United States. He describes Hannah as “not white” (198) and misses that this description shows bias, as does his assumption that being American gives him the authority to lecture a person of color about race and racism. Race and racism are constructed differently in Australia due to the particularities of Australia’s history. Freddie is Australian, so her understanding of race may not match up with Leo A’s understanding of it. Cain could very well be Black, but his fear of the police and living in Roxbury are poor evidence of his race.
Leo A’s overconfidence in his powers as a reader and a writer leads him to demean Hannah and her autonomy as a writer in ways one could certainly read as racially biased. When Hannah’s book fails to conform to the reality of the pandemic as he understands it, he rewrites all of Hannah’s “earlier chapters to set them firmly in the midst of this disease” (207). These acts of reading and rewriting ignore Hannah’s choice to write what she does know. As an Australian, she is the beneficiary of the early success of Australia’s zero COVID strategy, which worked early on because the country was locked down. She doesn’t know the sort of pandemic conditions Leo A does.
Leo A’s inability to see the world and texts from the perspective of others makes him aggressive. His obsession with realism extends beyond re-writing Hannah’s text. He makes the world conform to his image of it by becoming a serial killer. The shift from Leo A as beta reader to Leo A as serial killer and dangerous fan changes the angle of the frame narrative. With this section of the novel, the reader of The Woman in the Library realizes they are reading an inverted detective story—a crime novel in which the murderer is already known and in which tracking them down and unraveling how they committed the crime drives the plot. Hannah Tigone uses her work-in-progress to identify and track down a person whose crimes are already known. The story-within-a-story becomes less interesting, especially as Hannah makes more and more implausible choices, such as Freddie’s instant love for Cain as she encounters more red flags in his actions and the group’s failure to be more concerned about Marigold’s stalking behavior.