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46 pages 1 hour read

Cynthia Kadohata

Weedflower

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2006

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Chapters 13-17Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary

Sumiko and her family are taken to Poston by train. As the train leaves the station, people throw rocks at it. The trip is long and hot, and the passengers are instructed to keep the windows and shades closed. When they reach the station in Parker, Arizona and disembark, people stare, making Sumiko feel like she has done something wrong. The heat zaps her energy and makes her mind foggy. The evacuees board a bus, and a dust storm hits, forcing the bus to stop. After the storm passes, the bus is stuck, so everyone must file off the bus, and the men work to free it. As Sumiko takes in the hot, brown surroundings, nothing feels real. 

Chapter 14 Summary

As the bus continues its route, Sumiko is surprised to see some signs of farming in the desert: a lush green bean field and tractors digging irrigation ditches. The bus driver explains that Poston was divided into three camps that can collectively hold 17,000 people. Sumiko and her family are taken to Camp Three. Only desert surrounds it. Dust covers everything and is inescapable. Sumiko tries to calm Tak-Tak, who cries and coughs. As the family heads toward their assigned barrack, Sumiko notices some signs of home, details that were missing at the racetrack. People have small gardens and put curtains in the windows. In the barrack, Bull kills a scorpion, and Tak-Tak is fascinated as he examines its body, finally distracted from his fatigue. A neighbor named Mr. Moto introduces himself, and Sumiko cleans up the scorpion and the barrack as best as she can with a borrowed broom and mop. Although no fences surround the camp, Sumiko realizes that anyone who tries to escape would die of thirst since there’s nowhere to go. Sumiko walks around a bit before dinner and sees Mr. Moto with a caged snake. He claims that she’ll want to eat it later, and although she doesn’t believe him in the moment, she runs to his barrack after an unidentifiable dinner is served. He’s cooking the snake over a makeshift stove and offers some to her and Tak-Tak. They both like the meat and, in return for his kindness, carry buckets of water for Mr. Moto to use to start a garden. At night, Sumiko takes her cot outside the barrack and sleeps under the stars. She thinks about her dream of owning a flower shop and feels that it’s now impossible. The camp feels permanent, and she wonders how many years they’ll be required to stay.

Chapter 15 Summary

In the morning, Sumiko asks Auntie for permission to go to the Colorado River with some other children. Auntie, who seems afflicted by the ultimate boredom, says no, and the other children say that no one asks for permission in camp. Sumiko meets a girl named Sachi, who claims that her father owned the biggest potato farm in America. Sachi invites Sumiko to see the Camp Three farm, and this time, Sumiko leaves without asking Auntie. They get cups of ice from the cook and walk to the bean field that Sumiko saw from the bus. The bean plants are somehow thriving despite the desert surroundings. Sachi and Sumiko overhear two white men talking about the “Japs” and their talent for farming. As the girls walk through the bean field, they hide from three Native American boys. Sachi is afraid of them, saying that the boys will “scalp” them if they see them.

The Native American boys have their own ideas about the Japanese in the camp. Sumiko and Sachi overhear one boy saying that the Japanese throw away food and waste it. Suddenly, Sumiko hears a rattlesnake nearby and freezes in fear as it rises and hisses at her. One of the boys speaks calmly and helps Sumiko back away from the snake. Sachi runs away, but Sumiko stays behind and talks to the boys. They all talk about her as if she isn’t there and seem to be fascinated to meet a Japanese person. The boy who helped her, named Frank, tells her that he wishes the Japanese would leave their reservation alone. As Sumiko returns to camp, she wonders where the Native Americans in the area live and is surprised that the internment camp is built on a reservation.

Chapter 16 Summary

Sumiko finds herself with long stretches of free time and nothing to do, while everyone else in the family finds ways to stay busy. She feels the ultimate boredom closing in and sometimes wonders if she’s losing her mind. She feels so lazy that she can’t even bring herself to write a full letter to Uncle and Jiichan. One pastime she enjoys is lying under the stars at night. She sometimes places her cot near Mr. Moto’s and talks to him about the garden he’s starting or the home he used to live in. When Mr. Moto was a boy, he fell on a rake and lost his eye. However, when he tells the story, he doesn’t wallow in self-pity; he says “Shikata ga nai,” which means, “This cannot be helped” (130). While Sumiko and Mr. Moto are chatting one evening, a man known to be an inu, or spy for the white administration, walks into view. Everyone takes their cots back inside the barracks, and Sumiko soon hears the man getting beaten. The sound of the man’s groans fills Sumiko with guilt. In her mind, she leaves the camp and goes to the farm until the beating ends.

Chapter 17 Summary

Sumiko learns that the Office of Indian Affairs runs the camps at Poston. Security is lax, and as time passes, the camp begins to feel like a town, but with limitations on where how far one can go. Jobs are available, although the pay is much lower than outside the camp. News about the war is impossible to come by, so no one knows who’s winning or how much longer it will last. Many of the children act out and run wild. Sumiko joins them sometimes but draws the line when the children steal vegetables. She receives a letter from Uncle and Jiichan that weather conditions are growing colder, and if Auntie can spare any money, they need it to buy warmer clothing. Sumiko leaves the letter and all her savings—six dollars—on the table for Auntie to send to them.

Tak-Tak and Sumiko wander to the bean field one day with cups of ice and find Frank, the Native American boy. Frank seems interested in the ice but refuses it when Tak-Tak offers him some. Frank wants to know about the farm Sumiko’s family owned, and he listens as she tells the story of how Uncle took over the flower farm when he married the owner’s sister, Auntie. Frank’s brother is interested in learning to farm, and Frank suggests that it would be helpful for him to meet Sumiko’s cousin to learn more about farming. Sumiko isn’t sure how Bull would react if he learned that she was speaking with a Native American. When the conversation lags, Tak-Tak asks if Frank is poor, and Sumiko sharply reprimands him. However, Frank responds angrily that the government took his people’s land and gave it to the Japanese Americans, along with electricity and food—even ice. He turns to go, and Sumiko wonders if he has electricity.

Chapters 13-17 Analysis

Kadohata uses the list structure again in Chapters 13 and 14. The first list reveals Sumiko’s confusion at the conflicting nature of the US government’s decisions regarding Japanese Americans. The government has reversed each decision it has made so far, and Sumiko wonders what could be next. The list highlights the lack of power that Japanese Americans have at this time; the government decides where they can and cannot go, and they must obey. The second list shows the differences between the racetrack camp and the new camp in Poston. Once again, Sumiko finds herself wishing she had been more grateful for the racetrack camp. Things like the extreme heat and inescapable dust in Poston make the new camp difficult to adjust to—and knowing it’s permanent gives Sumiko a sense of hopelessness. Kadohata provides the official name of the camp—the Colorado River Relocation Center—to emphasize to the reader the historical authenticity of the internment camp. Although Sumiko’s story is fictional, the general aspects of her experiences truly happened.

Kadohata establishes the theme of acceptance in these chapters. Although people are stuck in the camp, they make the best of their life there, hanging curtains, planting gardens, and trying to establish a sense of purpose and normalcy. However, they also struggle against extreme boredom and laziness. Sumiko experiences such boredom that she feels she’s going crazy, and her lack of motivation seems to be a cycle of lethargy. In addition, the people are disconnected from the outside world and get no news of the war. Kadohata highlights a Japanese phrase that encapsulates the attitude of acceptance that pervades the culture—“Shikata ga nai,” which means, “This cannot be helped” (130). Kadohata highlights the resilience of the Japanese people and their willingness to persevere in the things they know, such as gardening, despite losing the life that they worked for.

Sumiko meets Sachi, who encapsulates the camp’s effect on children. In general, the kids are disobedient and highly independent. Although Sumiko doesn’t abandon principles of right and wrong, she finds herself making some mischievous decisions. Kadohata shows how the camps take away a normal childhood and cause children to gain independence quickly without any sense of consequence for their actions. Camp life also changes Sumiko’s family dynamic. Whereas on the farm she worked and ate alongside her family members every day, in the camp they’re all busy with separate tasks and activities. Sumiko feels increasingly disconnected from her family and misses their life on the farm.

In addition, Kadohata highlights the cultural tension between the Japanese and Native Americans. The Office of Indian Affairs runs the camp in Poston since it’s on reservation land. However, this decision was apparently made by the US government rather than the Tribal Council. As a result, many of the Native Americans are frustrated that their land is being used for the camps and that the Japanese receive electricity and plenty of food—things that some of the Native Americans don’t have. Kadohata reveals this tension through Sumiko’s interactions with Frank in the bean field. Clearly, judgment and stereotypes have trickled down to the children. Sachi has wild ideas about the Native Americans, and the group of Native American boys harbor stereotypes about the Japanese, which they openly discuss in front of Sumiko. Frank and Sumiko both seem curious about the other’s culture yet frustrated with each other for the biases they embrace. Their conversations reveal how easily blame can be cast on an entire group of people for the actions of just one person or for circumstances outside of one’s control.

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