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46 pages 1 hour read

Cynthia Kadohata

Weedflower

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2006

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Chapters 29-33Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 29 Summary

In February, new developments send the camp into an uproar. All adults will soon be asked to fill out a questionnaire to prepare for a draft of Nikkei men. The questionnaire will ask two main questions: whether one is willing to serve in the US military, and whether one will swear complete allegiance to the US and forswear allegiance to Japan. Many people feel the questions are a trick; if they say yes, will they ever be given rights? Will saying yes make the government think one was once loyal to Japan? Sumiko is amazed that the government would place all the Japanese Americans in camps but then let them join the army just because of their answers on a questionnaire. Why couldn’t they have used the questions to determine people’s loyalty before herding them into the camps? Those who answer no to both questions will be sent to a camp in California, essentially a segregation center. Furthermore, the government is calling for an all-Nikkei combat team; Bull signs up right away, and Ichiro soon follows suit. Sumiko worries about her cousins leaving and watches the moon at night, thinking it looks like a moth and wondering if it could be her mother watching her.

Chapter 30 Summary

Sumiko continues to visit the bean field, hoping to see Frank, but he doesn’t come. One day, Auntie announces that she found a job in a sewing factory near Chicago, and that it’s time for them to leave the camp. Sumiko resists; the camp is safe and familiar. Who knows what life will be like for them if they leave? Sumiko thinks about staying with her Uncle Kenzo, who is staying at one of the nearby camps in Poston. However, thinking back to when her parents died, she recalls that it was Bull who had made her smile again and reminded her that she still had a family.

Chapter 31 Summary

Sumiko takes the bus one day to Camp One to visit her Uncle Kenzo and ask if she and Tak-Tak can stay with him. When she finds in him the camp, he’s playing cards and hardly takes time to listen to her request. He tells her that she belongs with her Auntie, and Sumiko goes dejectedly back to camp. The barracks have a goodbye party for the men who are leaving as soldiers, including Bull and Ichiro. She follows Bull outside of party and tries to imagine him in the future but can’t. She can envision Ichiro raising children and growing old, but she can’t imagine Bull beyond what he’ll look like in his uniform. She promises to write to him, and they embrace. When Sumiko wakes in the morning, Bull and Ichiro are already gone. Auntie cries quietly as she folds their sheets, and Sumiko notices two notes Bull left about farming: one for Frank and one for Joseph.

Chapter 32 Summary

As Auntie prepares to move to Illinois in a few weeks, Sumiko constantly maintains that she won’t be going. She visits the bean field often, hoping to see Frank and deliver the notes to him from Bull. One day, he shows up and shares that his oldest brother, Henry, died in battle. Sumiko feels guilty that he was likely killed by Japanese soldiers, yet also defensive, in case Frank decides to blame her. Frank tells her about the Mohave mourning traditions and expresses surprise that she hasn’t left the camp yet. He tells her that her future isn’t there in Poston; in his view, leaving is what’s best for her. Sumiko is bothered that he wants her to go and doesn’t recognize that he wants her to leave because he cares about her. Frank leaves suddenly and Sumiko is left feeling responsible for his brother’s death and unsure of whether she should stay or leave the camp.

Chapter 33 Summary

Sumiko returns to camp and starts working to extend her garden. While she works, she thinks about Jiichan and his journey to America. For the first time, she realizes that his goal of reaching American was not for his own benefit; it was for her. Before she was even born, Jiichan wanted to create a better life for her. This realization helps Sumiko come to a decision: She’ll leave the camp with Auntie. Sumiko visits the bean field every day hoping to see Frank to say goodbye. She asks Mr. Moto for his prized garden carving to give as a gift to Frank, and he agrees. Finally, three days before she leaves, Sumiko leaves the carving and a note in the bean field telling Frank when she’ll be leaving. On the morning of their departure, Sumiko says goodbye to Sachi and Mr. Moto. Just before she boards the bus, she sees Frank riding toward camp on his bicycle. He gives her a bracelet and his address so that they can write to each other, and they hug tightly before Sumiko boards the bus. Sumiko cries and worries about Frank, but Auntie comforts her in a rare moment of affection and thanks Sumiko for the money she gave to be sent to Uncle and Jiichan. As the bus gets farther from camp, Sumiko thinks of all the friends and family she’ll miss and will have to write to. She feels afraid of how people will treat her in Illinois, but she remembers her dream of owning a flower shop—which feels like it might be possible once again.

Chapters 29-33 Analysis

Kadohata provides more historical information about the treatment of Japanese Americans during World War II as more changes develop in the camp. The questionnaire from the US government puts the Nikkei in an impossible situation. Understandably, Japanese Americans don’t trust the government at this point, so the questionnaire feels like a trick. Once again, Kadohata highlights the illogical nature of the US government’s actions from Sumiko’s perspective. Sumiko wonders why the government didn’t use the questionnaire at the beginning of the war to determine people’s loyalty. If a questionnaire is enough to know whether a person is loyal to the US, then the government could have avoided relocating thousands of people. Kadohata highlights another aspect of WWII history: the creation of an all-Nikkei combat team. Bull and Ichiro both sign up for this team, even though they have no news of who’s winning the war. Kadohata’s End Note details the significance of this team and its heroic efforts for the US.

As the novel ends, Sumiko experiences a range of complex emotions. Her loneliness returns when Frank stops coming to the bean field for a time, and she feels resentment toward him when he doesn’t show. However, when they eventually meet again, her resentment turns to guilt after learning that Frank’s brother died in the Pacific. Even though Sumiko has nothing to do with his death, she feels responsible since the Japanese likely killed him. Kadohata uses lists once more to reveal Sumiko’s range of feelings both when she talks to Frank and when she leaves the camp. The lists act as bookends for the novel: Kadohata begins and ends with a list to catalogue Sumiko’s feelings. Although Sumiko and Frank’s friendship is complex, he ultimately wants what’s best for her and encourages her to leave the camp. Their goodbye shows that they leave one another on positive terms despite the good and bad times they’ve experienced.

Leaving the camp is difficult for Sumiko because of her attachment to its familiarity. She’s far removed from her old life on the farm, and it’s more comfortable to stay in a place she knows rather than venture into the unknown. Leaving also means leaving the only friends she has ever known. Through Sumiko’s struggle to leave the camp, Kadohata shows that the Japanese Americans built a home for themselves in the internment camps. They took a terrible situation and made the best of it by cultivating the land and finding community. 

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